(alif) is used to represent the long vowel romanized, as indicated in the table. fa al ul ika q yah See also rule 12 and examples cited in rules 23-26. (alif) and when used as orthographic signs without phonetic significance are not represented in romanization. (alif) when used to support wa lah ( ) and maddah ( ) is not represented in romanization. (alif), and when used to support (hamzah) are not represented in romanization. awj nawm law aysar shaykh aynay See also rules 11(a)(2) and 11(b)(3). (c) The diphthongs romanized aw and ay, respectively. l rah dh m n j l f kit b sa b jum n See also rules 11(a) and 11(b)(1-2). wa iwa dalw yad iyal ahy (b) The long vowels romanized, , and respectively. As indicated in the table, and may represent: (a) The consonants romanized w and y, respectively. RULES OF APPLICATION Arabic Letters Romanized in Different Ways Depending on Their Context 1. in a word in the construct state is romanized t. The Maghrib variations and are romanized f and q respectively. For other orthographic uses of alif see rules 3-5.Ģ 2. For the romanization of hamzah by the consonantal sign (alif), see rule 8(a). For the use of alif to support hamzah, see rule 2. It should be noted that a letter in this group may have more than one phonetic value, depending on the country or area where it is used, and that the romanization will vary accordingly. (b) Inseparable prepositions, conjunctions, and other prefixes are connected with whatġ Arabic Letters of the Alphabet Initial Medial Final Alone romanization omit (see Note 1) b t th j kh d dh r z s sh (ayn) gh f (see Note 2) q (see Note 2) k l m n h (see Note 3) w y Vowels and Diphthongs a (see Rule 5) u (see Rule 6(a)) aw i ay Letters Representing Non- Arabic Consonants This list is not exhaustive. anna نأ annahu ﻪﻧ أ bayna yadayhi ﻪﻳﺪﻳ ﻦﻴﺑ Note the special cases: ﺎﻤﻣ mimmā, ﻦﻤﻣ mimman. Prepositions and conjunctions: (a) Final vowels of separable prepositions and conjunctions are retained in romanization. For other orthographic uses of alif see rules 3-5.ġ6. Let’s check out some examples:ĭid you notice the word “Hamas” in the examples? The Palestinian organization “Hamas” actually means “Enthusiasm” in Arabic.Example: stock market Search Arabic romanization table - Library of CongressĪrabic Letters of the Alphabet Initial Medial Final Alone romanization omit (see Note 1) b t th j kh d dh r z s sh (ayn) gh f (see Note 2) q (see Note 2) k l m n h (see Note 3) w y Vowels and Diphthongs a (see Rule 5) u (see Rule 6(a)) aw i ay Letters Representing Non- Arabic Consonants This list is not exhaustive. Some letters don't change much from one form to the other. Let's see examples of some letters in their 4 different forms: So, Arabic letters occur in 4 different forms: initial, medial, final, and isolated.
Arabic is written from right to left in a cursive style, That’s due to the cursive nature of Arabic text. It can make the alphabet seem like much more than 28 letters! But many learners wonder why letters look different in different parts of a word. There are 28 letters in the Arabic alphabet. The question for this lesson is: How come Arabic has many forms of the same letter? Welcome to Ask a Teacher, where I’ll answer some of your most common Arabic questions.
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